GitHub , git , open-source, web development, community, contributing

git config

you must first configure git before you can use it
the username and email address that will be used with your commits can be specified using this command

#set up git with your name
git config --global user.name <username>

#set up git with your email
git config --global user.email <useremail>

A git repository must first be created before you can make commits or do anything else with it
this command is used to initiate a new git repository (creates a .git directory)
```
git init
```
git clone
it is used to create a local copy of a remote repository
it uses remote URL to access the repository
```
git clone <repo URL you want to clone>
```
git add
use git add to move files from working directory to staging area
the git add stores your modification to a file allowing you to compare your local version to the version in the remote repository
use git add to add your new files to the staging area before commiting them
```
# to add a file 
git add <filename>
```
```
# to add all files
git add .
```
git commit
this command records the log messages with their ID's of the modifications
with git commit you can save the changes made to your local repository
everytime you commit code changes you must include concise summary of the changes in your commit message( good practice )
```
git commit -m "commit message"
```
git push
this command is used to push/upload the changes made to a local repository to a remote repository
here git push origin (origin means remote ) master (main branch name )
```
git push origin master
```
git branch

this command let's you create, list , rename and delete branches

#to view list of all branches
git branch

#to create new branche
git branch "branch name"

#to delete a branch
git branch -d "branch name "

this command is used to switch to an existing branch or to create and switch simultaneously to a new branch using (-b) flag

#to switch to another branch 
git checkout "branch name"

#to create new branch and switch to it 
git checkout -b "branch name"

this command displays log of all commits made to current branch made so far
it is used to list the current version history for current branch
```
git log
```
git merge
this command is used to combine the changes of two branches
if there were no conflicts than your changes will get merged
in case of merge conflicts developer need to first resolve the conflicts than need to merge the changes
you should be on branch you want to merge with your parent branch before running the git merge command
```
git merge "name-of-branch-to-merge"
```